Ingersoll Rand motor technology for diaphragm pumps combats three confounding pump motor issues: freezing, stalling and poor energy efficiency. Freezing is a chronic issue that causes a motor to seize up and fail in many applications. Freezing occurs as compressed air expands and creates a severe decrease in pressure. As the air returns to atmospheric pressure, it becomes extremely cold, freezing any moisture in the air supply. Ingersoll Rand’s solution is a new pump design that exhausts air from the chamber as quickly as possible. Exhaust is prohibited from travelling through critical motor components, such as the spool valves. This design mainly relies on a valve, the Quick DumpTM, which diverts cold- and wet-exhaust air away from the major air valve. In the case of Stalling, Ingersoll Rand teams have designed a new unbalanced valve that eliminates air valve centering. This air valve design features a large diameter on one end of the valve and a small diameter on the opposite end, creating an optimal pressure differential. Since the valves are always biased toward one side, they do not center out and stall the pump, even under low air inlet pressures. To deal with the problem of poor energy efficiency, Ingersoll solution offers the D-Valve, which consists of a positive seal on the valve spool created by U-cups to maximize energy efficiency. These prevent air leakage by providing a positive seal as the valve shifts. Additionally, seal points are made of solid materials where applicable (ceramic components are often best) to ensure longer life. Special materials, such as over-molded sleeves, are utilized to increase lubricity and reduce or eliminate wear in the valving mechanisms.